というNBER論文が上がっている（ungated版）。原題は「Does Wage Theft Vary by Demographic Group? Evidence from Minimum Wage Increases」で、著者はJeffrey Clemens（UCサンディエゴ）、Michael R. Strain（アメリカン・エンタープライズ公共政策研究所）。
以下はその要旨。
Using Current Population Survey data, we assess whether and to what extent the burden of wage theft — wage payments below the statutory minimum wage — falls disproportionately on various demographic groups following minimum wage increases. For most racial and ethnic groups at most ages we find that underpayment rises similarly as a fraction of realized wage gains in the wake of minimum wage increases. We also present evidence that the burden of underpayment falls disproportionately on relatively young African American workers and that underpayment increases more for Hispanic workers among the full working-age population.
（拙訳）
人口動態統計を用いて我々は、賃金窃盗*1――法定最低賃金を下回る賃金の支払い――の負担が、最低賃金引き上げ後に、各種の人口統計上の集団に偏って生じるかどうか、どの程度生じるかを算定した。大半の年齢層の大半の人種・民族の集団においては、最低賃金引き上げ後に、実現した賃金上昇分の部分的な割合として過少支払いが同様に増えることを我々は見い出した。我々はまた、過少支払いの負担が比較的若いアフリカ系米国人労働者に偏ること、および、生産年齢人口全体の中で過少支払いがヒスパニックの労働者においてより大きく増えるという実証結果を提示する*2。
*1:cf. 賃金未払い - Wikipedia、Miura & Partners US | News & Events。
*2:本文では、「However, we also find evidence that the burden of underpayment may fall disproportionately on relatively young African American workers, for whom we estimate that each dollar in wage gain comes with 20 to 33 cents in additional underpayment, compared to around 14 cents for the population as a whole. For the full population of Hispanic workers, we find evidence of modestly larger increases in both wage gains and underpayment, such that the change in underpayment per dollar of wage gain is quite similar to what we observe for the non-Hispanic white population.」と記述されている。
